Explanation:

Link-Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) and Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) are protocols that are used to bring up a Cisco Application Centric Infrastructure (ACI) fabric in a cascading manner. LLDP is a standard protocol that detects neighboring devices of any type. An ACI fabric uses LLDP along with DHCP to discover switch nodes and to assign Internet Protocol (IP) addresses to virtual extensible local area network (VXLAN) tunnel endpoints (VTEPs). LLDP is also used by Cisco Application Policy Infrastructure Controllers (APICs) to detect virtual switches, although it is also possible to use Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) for that purpose.

Each APIC server in the ACI communicates with ACI nodes and other APIC servers during the APIC cluster discovery process by using private IP addresses. Private IP addresses are not routable over the Internet. When an ACI fabric is booted, an internal private IP addressing scheme is used to enable the APIC to communicate with other nodes and controllers.

The ACI fabric does not use CDP, Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), or Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) to bring up a Cisco API fabric in a cascading manner. If configured, CDP can be used instead of LLDP to detect virtual switches. ARP is a protocol that is, used to map Media Access Control (MAC) addresses to IP addresses on a LAN. STP is a protocol that is used in switched networks to prevent switching loops.

Reference:

Cisco: Cisco Application Centric Infrastructure Fundamentals: Startup Discovery and Configuration

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