Examine this excerpt from the declaration of the java.se module:
What does the transitive modifier mean?  

Only a module that requires the java.se module is permitted to require the java.sql module. 

Any module that requires the java.se module does not need to require the java.sql module. 

Any module that attempts to require the java.se module actually requires the java.sql module instead. 

Any module that requires the java.sql module does not need to require the java.se module.